New+Discoveries

**New Discoveries and Inventions during Westward Expantion**
__What I already know:__
 * Who?** People in the 19th Century.
 * What?** People would create new ideas that would help others.
 * Where?** Throughout the Indian Territory
 * When?** During the 19th Century
 * Why?** People would help others by expressing different ideas.
 * How?** New technology made the expantion easier and more helpful.

__What I want to know (research questions):__
 * Who?** Who where the people that made the discoveries, certain people or random people?
 * What?** What were the reactions of the people?
 * Where?** Where was the largest area that founded the most discoveries?
 * When?** When did discoveries take place?(ex. weeks, months, years)
 * Why?** Why did people travel for the new discoveries?
 * How?** How many days did it take to move from location to location?

__My research strategy:__
 * Who?** I'll ask Ms. Horn or Ms. Brem for help in locatinginformation. I could ask Ms. Brolan or Mr. D. I could ask the public librarian.
 * What?** Expert websites, databases, encyclopedias, books, textbooks.
 * When?** During class or outside of class if needed.
 * Where?** The CTMS and public library, on any other computer for online resources.
 * How?** I'll use my thesis statement and research questions to figure out what to look for and what to take notes on.


 * __Key Words:__** " Discoveries in the 19th Century" "New Inventions in the 19th Century" " Discoveries during the Westward Expansion" "New Discoveries during the Westward Expansion" " Inventions during the Westward Expansion

__**Draft** (Rough): NEW INVENTIONS IN THE 1800'S__

New Inventions such as Morse Code and Braille improved communication for both the blind as well as those seperated by geographical distance or barriers. Electromagnets, morse code, and braille expanded the technology today because we have improved these inventions and have now become even more popular and widespread.

The electromagnet was a big part of the 1800's becuase it was used in the telegraph and other items used for communication. When the Electromagnet was made the first set up of it "was a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire."When the current was passed through, the iron started to attract other iron causing it to lift and to drop iron contained objects.(Electromagnet) The electromagnet is also used in earthquakes by using a needle to record the trembles sent to the electromagnet causing the needle to move! The power that the electromagnet used could pull a very large mass heavier than what the electromanget wieghed by using just one single-cell battery but they were weak becuase of the unsiline wire.(Electromagnet) If you put more unsuline wire around the iron the more wieght it could hold.By 1827 the electromagnet was improved by Joseph Henry. He used a wire from silk causing more wire to be circled around the iron creating a more powerful magnet. One could even lift 2063 pounds. "The first major use for electromagnets was in telegraph sounders."(Electromagnets) Silk thread made it easier to coil so it made enabled it to lift more weight.

Morse code was based off of the telegraph wich sent pulses of energy to distances for faster communiction. Samual Morse also proved that signals can be transmitted through wires. He used pulses of current which went through an electromagnet and ended up moving a marker to produce patterns which were then translated.(Bellis) Samuel would have had to use some of the concepts from the electromagnet and the telegraph to send out the pulses far distances. Morse Code is like any other language, full of patterns. It sends short and long pulses of energy and they translate into numbers and letters and etc. The pulses are recorded as the short waves meaning "dots" or "dits" and the long pulses meaning "dashes" or "dahs". The speed of Morse Code is recorded as words per minute. The following year he presented a telegraph 40 miles long.(Morse Code) Morse code was a pattern that a telegraph sent out and it was then translated into words.

The blind has always had people eager to read so finally a personal experianced man with name of Louis Braille came up with an idea. When Louis was three years old he was in an accident that left him without sight. He was then sent to a blind school and realized that he was desperate to read, so he later developed a reading for blind people that contained bumps and spaces.(Louis Braille - The History of Braille) Braille is also still visible today. The next time you go to an elevator look at were it says the floor level and it will have dots and spaces. Braille consists of dot patterns of the alphabet, punctuation and other marks.(Louis Braille - The History of Braille) The braille system has been used for centuries and is still used today and is very popular. Louis Braille's idea of reading for the blind became so popular that it was translated into almos every language. (Louis Braille - The History of Braille) The Braille system is used in almost every language so the blind still has the pleasure to read.

In conclusion, these inventions have changed the way people think about the future. The electromagnet has been used in alot of new and old devices. Morse Code helped communication tremendously by talking with others far apart form each other. And braille has brought joy and happeness to the blind by letting them read.

code code Works Cited code Bellis, Mary. "The history of the Telegraph." //About.com//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. code code . code code "Electromagnet." //Wikipedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. . code code Hopkins, Heather M. "International invention in the 1800s." //Cobblestone// Jan. 2005: 16(2). code code //http://find.galegroup.com/srcx/// code code infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=SRC-4&docId=A130051868&source=g code code ale&srcprod=SRCJ&userGroupName=tlc119064448&version=1.0. Web. 26 Mar. 2010. code code Lomask, Milton. //Invention and Technology Great Lives//. New York, New York: Simon and Schester, 1991. code code Print. code code "Louis Braille - The History of Braille." //About.com//. N.p., 2010. Web. 12 Apr. 2010. code code . code code "Morse Code." //Wikipedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. . code Paraphrase || No quotes or paraphrasing used. || Very few quotes or paraphrases included, no parenthetical references. || Some errors in quoting or paraphrasing and/or a few missing parenthetical references. || Several quotes and paraphrased pieces of information in each body paragraph, all with parenthetical references. || 4 ||
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 * Flow || Paper is difficult to read and understand. || Paper is full of short, choppy sentences and topic shifts with no transitions. || Some use of transitional words and phrases but the paper is a bit choppy at times. || Use of transitional words and phrases as well as topic sentences makes the paper easy to read from start to finish. || 3 ||
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 * Conventions || Difficult to understand. || Several errors. || A few errors. || Little to no errors in grammar, spelling or punctuation. || 4 ||